Basics of genetics - useful for general Agriculture

1. Term genetics coined by--> Bateson
2. Who described mutation first ---> De Vries
3. Who coined gene, genotype and phenotype ---> Johannsen
4. Sutton and Bovery ===> Chromosomal theory of inheritance
5. Avery Mc Carthy Mc Leod===> proved DNA is the genetic material
6. Kornbeb==> Invitro synthesis of DNA
7. Korana and agarwal ===> Artificial synthesis of gene
8. Okho ==> Artificial synthesis of  RNA
9. Khorana, Nirenberg, Holley,==> Deciphered genetic code
10. Beadle and Tatum ==> One gene one enzyme.
11. Jacob and Monad==> Operon concept
12. Benzer==> coined terms recon, cistron, muton
13. Recon==> smallest unit of recombination
14. Muton==> Smallest unit of mutation
15. Cistron==>  structural unit that synthesize a polypeptide
16. Father of genetics==> Mendel
17. Father of drosophila genetics==> T. H Morgan
18. ==>Chromosome==> discovered by Strasburger, term coined by Waldeyer
19. Sex chromose ==> Allosome/Idiosome
20. Somatic chromoseme==> Autosome
21. genes on Y chromosome==> Holandric genes==> Maleness
22. sexual reproduction in plants reported by==> Camerarius
23. First hybrid==> Fairchilds mule
24. Theoryof spontaneous feneration disproved by==> Pasteur and Tyndall
25. Theory of epigenesis==> Wolf
26. Theory of pangenes==> Darwin
27. Cell discovered by Robert Hook
28. Smallest cell is==> PPLO--
29. Resolving power of human eye==> 100 microns
30. Membraneless organelles==> ribosome, centrioles, centrosome, microtubules
31. True nucleus absent in bacteria, BGA, mature RBC's of mammals, Sieve tubes of phloem
32. Chromosomes==> condensed chromatin fibres prior to celldivision 
33. Hereditary unit is Gene
34. Hereditary material is DNA
35. Histones absent in Prokaryotes==>Circular chromosomes
36. Purines have 2 rings, pyrimidine have only 1 ring 
37. Site of krebs cycle==> Mitochondria
38. Site of Glycolysis==>Hyalopasm
39. Kitchen of the cell Grana
40. Endoskeleton of animal cell==> Endoplasmic reticulum
41. Most abundant RNA in cell==>r-Rna--80% of total
42. Chargaffs rule==> T+C= A+G
43. Polynucleotide chains held together by H-Bonds

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