Economic survey 2015-2016 latest facts and figures - Agriculture perspective

1.Production of food grains in the year 2015-2016 stands at 253.16 million tones (second advance estimates)

2.    GDP growth rate is 7.6%  in 2015-2016

3.    India’s contribution to global growth in PPP terms increased from an average of 8.3 per cent during the period 2001 to 2007 to 14.4 per cent in 2014

4.    Growth in the agriculture sector in 2015-16 has continued to be lower than the average of last decade, mainly on account of it being the second successive year of lower than-normal monsoon rains

5.    Growth in GDP for Agriculture, forestry and fishing for the year 2015-2016 is 1.1%

6.    For 2015-16, the production of foodgrains and oil- seeds is estimated to decline by 0.5 per cent and 4.1 per cent respectively as per the information of the Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare

7.    Production of foodgrains during 2014-15 is placed at 252.7 million tonnes (rice at 104.8 million tonnes and wheat at 88.9 million tones

8.    % change of Growth in GDP in agriculture & allied sectors (at constant 2011-12 prices) is -0.2% in the year  2014-2015

9.    % change of Share of agriculture & allied sectors in total GVA (at current 2011-12 prices) is 17.4 % in the year 2014-2015

10.                       % change of Share of crops for the year 2014-2015 is 10.7%

11.                       Measures recommended  to step up productivity in agriculture and transform the agricultural  sector are :

 1. Achieve ‘more crop per drop’ to improve productivity in agriculture

2. Appropriate policy measures to correct  low and skewed distribution of irrigated area.

 3. Effective use of inputs like fertilizers, quality seeds and pesticides with irrigation,.

4. Diversification of milk and its value added products has minimized the seasonal impact on suppliers, that is  to be emulated by other allied sectors in agriculture

5.Reducing wastage in post-harvest value chain .through investments in storage facilities and drying facilities help ensure food security for the population.

Major Crops	Average Yield (Kg/ha) 2014-2015 4th Advanced estimate
Rice	2390
Wheat	2872
Pulses	744
Oilseeds	1037
Sugarcane (Tonnes/Hectare)	70 tonnes/ha
Tea	2170
Cotton	461

*Major crops and their production 2014-2015 , 4^th advanced estimate

12.                       China has an average cereal yield of above 5800 kg per ha while India has less than 3000 kg per ha. USA has the largest average cereal yield of more than 7000 kg per ha

13.                       Latest data available , all India percentage distribution of net irrigated area to total cropped area during 2012-13 was 33.9 per cent

14.                       Net irrigated area to total cropped area is  more than 50 per cent in the states of Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh , this ratio needs to be increased for higher productivity

15.                       Total Ultimate Irrigation Potential (UIP) of India is about 140 million hectares (Mha)

16.                       One of the objectives of the Prime Minister’s Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY) is to enhance on-farm Water-Use-Efficiency (WUE) spatially and temporally to reduce wastage by promoting precision irrigation like sprinkler, drip

17.                       Overall irrigation efficiency of the major and medium irrigation projects in India is estimated at around 38 per cent

18.                       Overall overall level of mechanization in farming is below 50 per cent in the case of majority of the farming operations in India

19.                       According to the Agricultural Machinery and Manufacturers Association in India, tractor penetration is 38 per cent for large farmers (with more than 20 acres), 18 per cent for medium farmers (5-20 acres) and just around 1 per cent for marginal farmers.

20.                       Pardarshi Kisan Sewa Yojana (PKSY) launched in September, 2014 and rolled out in April 2015 in Uttar Pradesh for distribution of hybrid seeds through DBT (Direct Benefit Transfer) , The aim of the scheme was to target the intended beneficiaries and prevent diversion of subsidized seeds, corruption and manipulation , subsidy distribution process through the treasury is software driven and is directly paid into the account of the beneficiaries(farmers owning the land)

21.                       COTTON SEED PRICE CONTROL ORDER 2015 The Government decided to fix the maximum sale price of cotton seeds through the Cotton Seeds Price (Control) Order, notified in December 2015. A committee under the chairmanship of the Joint Secretary (Seed) and Controller, Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare will be constituted to recommend the maximum sale price of cotton seed.

22.                       67 per cent of Indian soil is characterised by low organic carbon, there is great scope for the use of organic fertilizers.

23.                       According to agronomic trials conducted by ICAR fertilizers which supplement micro nutrients can provide an additional yield in cereals in the range of 0.3 to 0.6 ton per ha

24.                       India uses a low amount of 0.5 kg per ha pesticide compared to 7.0 kg per ha in the USA, 2.5 kg per ha in Europe, 12 kg per ha in Japan and 6.6 kg per ha in Korea.

25.                     Farmer’s crop yield losses in India range from 15 to 25 per cent due to weeds, pests, diseases and rodents

26.                       Local money lenders account for almost 26 per cent share of total agricultural credit of farmers

27.                       Negotiable Warehouse Receipts (NWRs)

28.                       Global Forum for Rural Advisory Services (GFRAS)

29.                       Share of GCF in GVA (GDP) of Agriculture & Allied Sector(%) is 15.8% for the year 2014-2015

30.                       The declining GCF to GDP ratio in agriculture can be attributed to the decline in public sector investments (share of the public sector in GCF has declined from above 20 per cent during 2004-05 to 16.8 per cent by 2013-14)

31.                       Percentage share of horticulture output in agriculture is more than 33 per cent

32.                       The area under horticulture crops increased around 18 per cent compared to an expansion of area under food grains by 5 per cent during 2010 to 2015

33.                       Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH), was launched during the Twelfth Plan with effect from 2014-15, for the holistic development of the horticulture sector covering fruits, vegetables, mushrooms, spices, flowers, aromatic plants, coconut, cashew, cocoa and bamboo

34.                       Horticulture Mission for North East & Himalayan States (HMNEH)

35.                       India ranks first in milk production, accounting for 18.5 per cent of world production, achieving an annual output of 146.3 million tonnes during 2014-15

36.                       The per capita availability of milk in India has increased from 176 grams per day in 1990-91 to 322 grams per day by 2014-15

37.                       Egg production was around 78.48 billion eggs in 2014-15, while poultry meat production was estimated at 3.04 MT

38.                       The total fish production during 2014-15 was 10.16 MT

39.                       India has the second highest number of undernourished people at 194.6 million persons (FAO, State of Food Insecurity in the World, 2015)

40.                       27 per cent of the Indian population fall  below the poverty line(BPL)

41.                       Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) it includes Children under six, pregnant and lactating mothers

42.                       MDMS (Mid Day Meal Schemes)

43.                       Annapurna (10 kgs of free food grain for destitute poor)

44.                       Agri marketing Reforms  à 1) National Agriculture Market through Agri-Tech Infrastructure Fund 2) Price Policy for Agricultural Produce 3)Trade Policy

45.                       The average tariff protection for agriculture (36.4 per cent) is substantially higher than that for non-agricultural products (9.5 per cent).

46.                       During 2015, the import duty on sugar was increased from 25 per cent to 40 per cent, while that of crude and refined edible oils has been raised from 7.5 per cent to 12.5 per cent and 15 per cent to 20 per cent respectively in November 2015.

47.                       import duty on wheat was first raised from `zero’ to 10 per cent in August 2015 and from 10 per cent to 25 per cent in October 2015.

48.                       'Nairobi Package'  is the outcome  of the Tenth Ministerial Conference of the WTO held in Nairobi, Kenya during 15-19 December 2015 that stressed on Ministerial Decisions on agriculture, cotton and issues related to Least Developed Countries (LDCs)  Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSM) for developing countries, public stockholding for food security purposes, a commitment to abolish export subsidies for farm exports and measures related to cotton

49.                       As per the WTO’s Trade Statistics, the share of India’s agricultural exports and imports in the world trade in 2014 were 2.46 per cent and 1.46 per cent respectively

50.                       Agricultural exports as a percentage of agricultural GDP increased from 7.95 per cent in 2009-10 to 12.08 per cent in 2014-15.

51.           Agricultural imports as a percentage of agricultural GDP also increased from 4.90 per cent to 5.82 per cent

Minimmum Support Price for Major Crops( RUPEES/QUINTAL)

KHARIF CROPS

PADDY  - COMMON , GRADE A	1410 , 1450
JOWAR – HYBRID , MALDANDI	1570 . 1590
MAIZE	1325
ARHAR	4425
COTTON – MEDIUM STAPLE , LONG STAPLE	3800 , 4100
GROUNDNUT	4030
BAJRA	1275

RABI CROPS

WHEAT	1525
BARLEY	1225
GRAM	3425
LENTIL	3325
RAPESEED/MUSTARD	3350
SAFFLOWER	3300

OTHER CROPS

COPRA	5550
DEHUSKED COCONUT	1500
JUTE	2700
SUGARCANE	230

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