Branches of Soil Science
1. Pedology: The Science dealing with the genesis,survey and classification and the laws of geographical distribution of soils as a body in nature. Pedology is the study of soil as a natural body and does not focus primarily on the soil’s immediate practical use.
2. Edaphology: The science that deals with the influence of soils on living things, particularlyplants, including man’s use of land for plant growth. Edaphology is the study of soil from the stand point of higher plants.
3. Soil Fertility: The quality of the soil that enables it to provide essential chemical elements in quantities and proportions for the growth of specified plants.
4. Soil Chemistry: Deals with the chemical constituents, the chemical properties and the chemical reactions of soil in relation to crop needs.
5. Soil Physics: Study of various physical processes that are taking place in and through the soils.
6. Soil Microbiology: Deals with microscopic population of the soil, its role in various transformations and its importance in plant nutrition and crop production.
7. Soil Conservation: Deals with the protection of soil against physical loss by erosion and against chemical deterioration.
8. Soil Genesis: The study of the mode of origin of soils, with special reference to the processes responsible for the development of Solum or true soil from the unconsolidated parent material.
9. Soil Survey: The systematic examination, description, classification and mapping of soils in an area.
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